Bournemouth University uses a number of referencing styles, which vary depending on the department you’re studying at. The most popular is BU Harvard referencing, which is a variation of the Harvard style specific to Bournemouth University that follows the Author-Date format.
The BU Harvard referencing guide is available to download from the Library and Learning Support section of the Bournemouth University website.
BU referencing requires a combination of in-text citations and a reference list at the end of the work. For in-text citations, the author’s last name and year of publication are included in brackets at the end of the sentence. For each cited publication, you need to have a full corresponding reference in the list of references at the end of the work, which can be titled either ‘Bibliography’ or ‘References’.
In the BU Harvard system, all references are listed in alphabetical order by author name in a single list. The only exceptions are when you cite unpublished sources and legal materials, which you put on separate lists after the main list.
Think you could benefit from a time-saving option? Cite This For Me’s mobile app and web tools let you format your essay in the BU Harvard style in moments, freeing you up to spend more time improving your work as the deadline approaches.
Use the following template to cite a book using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. ed. City: Publisher, p.Pages Used.
Example:
American Psychiatric Association, 2014. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, p.685.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
Narcissistic personality disorder is a pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy (American Psychiatric Association 2014, p.685)
Use the following template to cite a journal using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. Publication Title, [online] Volume number (Issue number), Pages Used. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
Goodmon, L., Smith, P., Ivancevich, D. and Lundberg, S., 2014. Actions Speak Louder Than Personality: Effects of Facebook Content on Personality Perceptions. North American Journal of Psychology, 16 (1).
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
...employment organizations are becoming increasingly interested in Facebook content when making hiring decisions, and in recent years, employers have relied on Internet resources (including Facebook)... (Goodmon, Smith, Ivancevich and Lundberg 2014)
Use the following template to cite a film or movie using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Title. Year Published. [Format] City: Publisher.
Example:
The Art and Crimes of Ron English. 2014. [DVD] USA: Pedro Carvajal.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Title Year Published)
Example:
he implores us to re-evaluate what we see and succumb to it no more (The Art and Crimes of Ron English 2014)
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Use the following template to cite an online image or video using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. [Format] Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
McArthur Foundation, 2010. Rethinking Learning: The 21st Century Learner. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0xa98cy-Rw#t=105 [Accessed 12 Aug. 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published)
Example:
Learning the content is very much the 20th century idea around education. But in the 21st century, it’s learning the tools and the skills of remaking that content and becoming the creator and the producer \ (McArthur Foundation 2010)
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Use the following template to cite a website using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. [online] Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
Bryant, B., 2013. Malala Yousafzai recounts moment she was shot in the head by Taliban - Telegraph. [online] Telegraph.co.uk. Available from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/10375633/Malala-Yousafzai-recounts-moment-she-was-shot-in-the-head-by-Taliban.html [Accessed 15 Jun. 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published)
Example:
""When he said who is Malala all the girls looked at me because you don't know what is happening. ""My friend told me, 'You just squeezed my hand, you just forced my hand.'"" ""Then she said he shot you. He fired three bullets’’. (Bryant 2013)
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Use the following template to cite a blog using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. [Blog] Publication Title. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
Mitchell, N., 2013. Designer Secrets: Transform Your Space With Texture. [Blog] Apartment Therapy. Available from: http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/designers-secrets-5-ways-to-add-texture-to-a-room-192202 [Accessed 20 Jun. 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published)
Example:
I think it's because complicated textures remind us of nature. They provide the eye with something interesting to look at, but they're also incredibly soothing. (Mitchell 2013)
Use the following template to cite a court case using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Title [Year Published] Document Title/Name Volume number (Location), p.Pages Used.
Example:
Hill v. TVA [1977] CA6 p.549.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Title [Year Published], p.Pages Used)
Example:
a blatant statutory violation (Hill v. TVA [1977], p.549)
Use the following template to cite a dictionary entry using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. In: Publication Title. [online] City: Publisher, p.Pages Used. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
Scott, J., 2014. Crime. In: Oxford Dictionary of Sociology, 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press, p.133.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
an offence that goes beyond the personal and into the public sphere, breaking prohibitory rules or laws, to which legitimate punishments or sanctions are attached (Scott 2014, p.133)
Use the following template to cite an e-book or pdf using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. ed. [ebook] City: Publisher, p.Pages Used. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
Anon, 2012. Starbucks Company Profile. 1st ed. [ebook] Available from: http://www.starbucks.com.sg/Starbucks-Company-Profile.pdf [Accessed 17 Jun. 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
Our mission: to inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time. (Starbucks Company Profile 2012)
Use the following template to cite an edited book using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. ed., Year Published. Title. ed. City: Publisher, p.Pages Used.
Example:
Taylor, J. and Thomas, D. ed., 2006. Miss Julie. 2nd ed. London: Methuen Publishing Ltd, p.lxxxvii.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
But the actor might well ponder whether it is to his advantage to paint an abstract character upon his face which will remain sitting there like a mask. (Taylor and Thomas 2006, p.lxxxvii)
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Use the following template to cite an email using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. [email].
Example:
Valenciano, M., 2014. Mailing Inquiry- Budget. [email].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published)
Example:
Hi Caroline, Please see below an estimated cost for your unaddressed mailing, including print preparation and postage. 5K Households is $1407.50 Postage $850.00 Total $2257 Plus applicable tax I hope this is what you were looking for. Let me know if you have any questions. Thanks, Morgan (Valenciano 2014)
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Use the following template to cite an encyclopedia article using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. In: Publication Title. City: Publisher, p.Pages Used.
Example:
Anon, 2014. In: 1st ed.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
concept in philosophy and psychology that holds that the interests of others, rather than of the self, can motivate an individual. (2014)
Use the following template to cite an interview using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title.
Example:
Ilkhom, B., 2014. Student Services Center.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published)
Example:
"They did not even look like they want to service me in any sort of issues that I faced. Most of the time, their reply to my queries would be in a harsh tone. Also, I had to go through several employees to finally get the answer to my question since they would always say they don't know and they would ask me to refer to someone else. This is not servicing". (Ilkhom 2014)
Use the following template to cite a magazine using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. Publication Title, [online] (Issue number), Pages Used. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
Lintott, A., 2014. [online] Available from: http://www.leisuremedia.com/digital/index1.cfm?mag=Sports%20Management&codeid=2840&linktype=homepage [Accessed 21 Sep. 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
'promoting sporting habits for life among 16-25 year olds' (Lintott 2014)
Use the following template to cite a newspaper using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. Publication Title, [online] Pages Used. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
Kendall, P., 2014. How Chile's ad men ousted Pinochet: the real life story behind new film 'No'. The Telegraph, [online] 2. Available from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/9842723/How-Chiles-ad-men-ousted-Pinochet-the-real-life-story-behind-new-film-No.html [Accessed 16 Jul. 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
By its very nature, ‘no’ was a negative concept; it was very difficult to sell, ‘No’ was not a person, not a candidate. It had no personality, no ethics and no aesthetics. (Kendall 2014, p.2)
Use the following template to cite a podcast using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. [podcast] Publication Title. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
IGN, 2014. IGN at TGS 2014. [podcast] Project Morpheus Made Me Sick. Available from: http://uk.ign.com/videos/2014/09/19/project-morpheus-made-me-sick-tgs-2014 [Accessed 22 Sep. 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published)
Example:
when i took the project morpheus off i almost wanted to throw up. its weird because i can almost play any 3d game with 3d glasses. there was just something about being inside of this helmet with the headphones on and this sort of suction around me. (IGN 2014)
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Use the following template to cite a song using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial., Year Published. Title. [Format] City: Publisher. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
Stewart, R., 2011. Sharkwater Trailer. [Online] Youtube. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxcophNGLdg [Accessed 18 Jun. 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname Year Published)
Example:
""Sharks are so afraid of us and they think of us as a threat"" ""Soda pop machines kill more people than we do"" ""Future generations are going to look at us and this of us as barbarians (Stewart 2011)
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Use the following template to cite The Bible using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Title, Year Published. City: Publisher, p.Pages Used.
Example:
, 2014. .
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Title Year Published, p.Pages Used)
Example:
You shall have no other gods before Me. (2014)
Use the following template to cite a TV Show using the Bournemouth University – Harvard citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Title, Year Published. [TV programme] Channel number: Broadcaster.
Example:
Hitlåtens historia, 2013. [TV programme] SVT.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Title Year Published)
Example:
The ground that was breaking (Hitlåtens historia 2013)