London South Bank University (LSBU) use their own interpretation of the Harvard system of referencing citations. There are minor differences in the way LSBU references are formatted, therefore there is extra importance placed on writing correctly formatted citations.
The LSBU Harvard style follows the Author-Date system of referencing citations. With this style of referencing, in-text citation (within the body of text) contain the author’s surname and date of publications. These citations go along with a ‘Reference list’, located at the end of the work. This list of references contains more detailed information about the sources you have cited in you text.
Writing an in-text citation is easy, simply write the author’s surname and date of publication with-in brackets directly after the quote you are citing. The remaining details of that source are included in a reference list at the end of your work.
A reference, as mentioned above, includes much more information than the in-text citation. It provides detailed information about the source you have cited, including the surname of the author(s), year of publication, the title, the edition, place of publication and publisher’s name.
The information included differs depending on the material you are referencing, the example is the information required when referencing a book, however if you are referencing a website, for example, the format and information included changes.
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Use the following template to cite a book using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title. p. Pages Used. City: Publisher.
Example:
Dixon, T. and O'Mahoney, J. (2014) Australia in the Global Economy. p. 237. PEARSON.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
Figure 11.11 (Dixon and O'Mahoney, 2014)
Use the following template to cite a journal using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title, Publication Title, Volume number (Issue number), pp. Pages Used. DOI:DOI Number.
Example:
Marrot-Castellat, A. (2014) Richard Lionheart, Journal Of Medieval History, 1 (1), pp. 1-1.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
Richard Lionheart was born on September 8, 1157, in Oxford, England. Richard Lionheart was the third son King Henry ii and Eleanor of Aquitaine of he was generally considered to be his mother's favorite son, and has been described as spoiled and vain. he got his nickname by very brave and strong that he was called Lion-heart; he was very noble and good in some ways, but his fierce, passionate temper did him a great deal of harm. Richard was also known to let his temper get the better of him. Nevertheless, he could be shrewd in matters of politics and was famously skilled on the battlefield. He was also highly cultured and well-educated, and wrote poems and songs. Most of his life he enjoyed the support and affection of his people, and for centuries after his death, Richard Lionheart was one of the most popular kings in English history. (Marrot-Castellat, 2014)
Use the following template to cite a film or movie using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Title (Year Published). City.
Example:
Dead Man Walking (1995). USA.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Title, Year Published)
Example:
Dead Man Walking is based on a true story and addresses the issues in society that are brought about with the topic of Capital Punishment. It has presented many ideas and posed many questions that are relevant in our society today. (Dead Man Walking, 1995)
Use the following template to cite an online image or video using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title. Available from: http://Website URL
Example:
National Trust, (2014) Beautiful landscapes need protecting. Available from: http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/cs/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1349120689760&ssbinary=true
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
Page 1: Top Cirle (National Trust, 2014)
Use the following template to cite a website using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
(2014). Available from: Jefferson, T. (1776, July 4). The Declaration of Independence: A Transcription. National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved June 11, 2014, from http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/declaration_transcript.html [Accessed 11 June 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” (2014)
Use the following template to cite a blog using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title, Publication Title. Available from: http://Website URL
Example:
November 05: a chain letter that not enough architects read (2012), Clio’s Calendar: Daily Musings on Architectural History. Available from: http://archhistdaily.wordpress.com/tag/bruno-taut/
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
colorful, jewel-like architectural idiom that would regenerate society after the horror of war. (November 05: a chain letter that not enough architects read, 2012)
Use the following template to cite a court case using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Title, , Volume number Document Title/Name Pages Used (Location Year Published).
Example:
David Leon Riley v. State of California (Supreme Court of The United States 2013).
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Title, Year Published)
Example:
On Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the California Court of Appeal, Fourth District (David Leon Riley v. State of California, 2013)
Use the following template to cite a dictionary entry using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title, Publication Title. City: Publisher. Available from: http://Website URL
Example:
Available from: https://www.google.com.au/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&es_th=1&ie=UTF-8#q=what%20is%20PROTANOPIA
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
colour blindness resulting from insensitivity to red light, causing confusion of greens, reds, and yellows. It is hereditary, and is the commonest form of colour blindness.
Use the following template to cite an e-book or pdf using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title. p. Pages Used. City: Publisher. Available from: http://Website URL
Example:
National Drug Threat Assessment Survey (2013). 1st ed. Available from: http://www.justice.gov/dea/resource-center/DIR-017-13%20NDTA%20Summary%20final.pdf
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
The National Drug Threat Assessment Survey is a national report given by the DEA that displays policy changes and the years statistics of drug use by the american people in various parts of the country. (National Drug Threat Assessment Survey, 2013)
Use the following template to cite an edited book using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title. p. Pages Used. City: Publisher.
Example:
imrie, r., lees, l. and raco, m. (2008) Regenerating London: Governance, sustainability and community in a global city. 1st ed. London: Routledge.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
‘London’s blue ribbon network: Riverside renaissance along the thames’ (imrie et al., 2008)
Use the following template to cite an email using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title.
Example:
Garrett, E. (2014) Changes in the vinyl and download markets.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
it has made the competition much stronger, where digital releases carry very little risk in terms of the investment, it costs the best part of one thousand pounds to produce 500 copies of a record so labels are being (or at least should be) much more cut throat with the material and the music that they release. This may make it harder for unsigned artists as label bosses are much more likely to go with established names that they know will sell (Garrett, 2014)
Use the following template to cite an encyclopedia article using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title, in: Publication Title. City: Publisher.
Example:
Anon, A. (2014) Demokratiese leierskapstyl: die konsensus-beleid van Nelson Mandela, in: Mieliestronk.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
“Vir my is die demokratiese leierskapstyl die beste, want ek is van nature ’n spanmens." (Anon, 2014)
Use the following template to cite an interview using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title. Location.
Example:
Chamberlain, L. (1980) Portional Police Interview.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
The dog would usually follow movements with its eyes, but it didn't seem to take its eyes off me. It made me feel a bit creepy, which I thought of after. (Chamberlain, 1980)
Use the following template to cite a magazine using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title, Publication Title, (Issue number), pp. Pages Used. Available from: http://Website URL
Example:
Winnail, D. (2014) Abortion: A Modern Holocaust, Tomorrows World, (2), pp. 10.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
What is the real significance of the abortion controversy (Winnail, 2014)
Use the following template to cite a newspaper using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title, Publication Title, p. Pages Used.
Example:
Tan, L. (2013) 'Money, not traffickers,' lures migrant sex staff, The New Zealand Herald, p. 1.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
Migrant prostitutes here are not victims of people trafficking and many are in the sex trade for the money (Tan, 2013)
Use the following template to cite a podcast using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title, Publication Title. Available from: http://Website URL [Accessed Date Accessed].
Example:
IGN, (2014) IGN at TGS 2014, Project Morpheus Made Me Sick. Available from: http://uk.ign.com/videos/2014/09/19/project-morpheus-made-me-sick-tgs-2014 [Accessed 22 September 2014].
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
when i took the project morpheus off i almost wanted to throw up. its weird because i can almost play any 3d game with 3d glasses. there was just something about being inside of this helmet with the headphones on and this sort of suction around me. (IGN, 2014)
Use the following template to cite a song using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Author Surname, Author Initial. (Year Published) Title. City: Publisher. Available from: http://Website URL
Example:
I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For (1987). Dublin. Available from: http://www.metrolyrics.com/i-still-havent-found-what-im-looking-for-lyrics-u2.html
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Author Surname, Year Published)
Example:
“You broke the bounds/And You loosed the chains/Carried the cross of my shame/Oh, my shame/ You know I believe it” (I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For, 1987)
Use the following template to cite The Bible using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Title, (Year Published). p. Pages Used. City: Publisher.
Example:
Holy Bible,. pp. 5-8-6-4-4-6. Jeruselam: Moses.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Title, Year Published)
Example:
yo mama so fat (Holy Bible, no date)
Use the following template to cite a TV Show using the harvard-lsbu citation style.
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
Template:
Title (Year Published). Channel number.
Example:
The Paved Paradise (2012). ABC.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
(Title, Year Published)
Example:
Culture is good on one side, creating jobs, moving the economy – but on the other side, more so, it is not. The investors are greedy, it is exploitation of the environment, exploitation of the land, exploitation of the people and exploitation of the culture – that is the problem (The Paved Paradise, 2012)