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Use the following template to cite a book using the Pisa University Press citation style.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
Template:
A. Author Surname, Title (City: Publisher, Year Published).
Example:
MPOC : 39% palm oil made in Malaysia M. http://www.mpoc.org.my, Malaysian Palm Oil Industry (2015) Mpoc.org.my <http://www.mpoc.org.my/Malaysian_Palm_Oil_Industry.aspx> at 19 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite a journal using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, 'Title' (Year Published), Volume number(Issue number) Publication Title Pages Used <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
1. Ability to work in a team structure 2. Ability to make decisions and solve problems (tie) 3. Ability to communicate verbally with people inside and outside an organization S. Adams, The 10 Skills Employers Most Want In 2015 Graduates (2014) Forbes <http://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2014/11/12/the-10-skills-employers-most-want-in-2015-graduates/> at 29 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite a film or movie using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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Title, (City: Publisher, Year Published).
Example:
Over the last fifteen years, police departments in the United States made 10 million arrests for marijuana possession—an average of almost 700,000 arrests a year. Police arrest blacks for marijuana possession at higher rates than whites in every state and nearly every city and county—as FBI Uniform Crime Reports and state databases indisputably show. States with the largest racial disparities arrest blacks at six times the rate of whites. This list includes Alabama, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Nebraska, Nevada, New York and Wisconsin. Big city police departments are among the worst offenders. Police in Los Angeles, Chicago and New York have arrested blacks for marijuana possession at more than seven times the rate of whites. Since 1997, New York City alone has arrested and jailed more than 600,000 people for possessing marijuana; about 87 percent of the arrests are of blacks and Latinos. For years, police in New York and Chicago have arrested more young blacks and Latinos for simple marijuana possession than for any other criminal offense whatsoever. Other large urban areas that make huge numbers of racially biased arrests include Atlanta, Baltimore, Buffalo, Cleveland, Dallas–Fort Worth, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Houston, Las Vegas, Memphis, Miami, Nashville, Philadelphia, St. Louis, Tampa and Washington, DC. And across the United States, one-third of marijuana arrestees are teenagers; 62 percent are age 24 or younger; and most of them are ordinary high school or college students and young workers. H. Levine, The Scandal of Racist Marijuana Arrests—and What To Do About It | The Nation (2013) Thenation.com <http://www.thenation.com/article/176915/scandal-racist-marijuana-arrests-and-what-do-about-it?page=full> at 29 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite an online image or video using the Pisa University Press citation style.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
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A. Author Surname, TitleYear Published) <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
With one big crash they dropped their entire loads on the aerodrome and buildings. This was the first time I had seen a large number of bombs fall together on a target. It was a fearful sight. With a noise like the roll of heavy thunder, a thick cloud of smoke, dust and red and yellow flame shot into the air and left a long line of smoke to join with the flame already hanging over Darwin. A. Darwin and M. Bell, Attack on Darwin (2015) WW2DB <http://ww2db.com/battle_spec.php?battle_id=22> at 30 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite a website using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, Title (Year Published) <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
Animation comedy is above all, visual with plenty of sight gags’ J. Ann Wright, 'Animation Comedy and Gag Writing', 2002 <http://www.awn.com/animationworld/animation-comedy-and-gag-writing> at 26 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite a blog using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, 'Title' Publication Title (Year Published) <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
This document has reviewed much evidence on the subject of cannabis use and theory of its potential gateway effect that leads users on to using hard drugs. This evidence predominantly seems to discredit the theory generally. The distinction between the pharmacologically-based stepping stone theory and the socially-based gateway theory is of vital importance, as they lead to different conclusions on how best to minimise hard drug usage. In summary, the evidence this document has reviewed shows that: The modern theory of the gateway effect regarding cannabis seems to have been initiated with an unsupported and contradictory reactionary statement from a prohibition supporter. The vast majority of cannabis users do not go on to use hard drugs. There is no correlation between prevalence of cannabis usage and hard drug usage. Cannabis is not usually the first drug that hard drug users have experimented with. There is no evidence of the gateway effect occurring in other, non-western, cultures. There is no reliable pharmacological evidence explaining how the gateway theory could be valid at this time. Many major studies on cannabis usage have found no evidence for the stepping-stone effect, apart from social considerations. These findings suggest that there is no cannabis-induced gateway effect. As a result of this, it seems that research, debate and drug policy should not be in any way based on the hypothesis that cannabis use leads people on to hard drugs. If real evidence surfaces in the future that there is a literal stepping-stone effect as a direct result of cannabis usage then the statement above should be reviewed, but at the present time the gateway hypothesis seems unlikely. Seemingly more likely, however, is the social gateway theory. We have seen that: Cannabis users are forced to enter an unregulated market where hard drugs are easily available. When cannabis is not available, some users and dealers start using harder drugs. The Dutch policy of making cannabis readily available under UK alcohol-like regulations and separating the markets of cannabis and hard drugs has resulted in a much lower prevalence of hard drug use than in countries such as the UK and US where the policy is primarily prohibitionist and punitive. Several major studies have held some credence in the social gateway hypothesis as a (partial) explanation of drug progression. The solution to the social gateway theory is to liberalise cannabis laws, perhaps at first to the current status of Dutch legislation, but furthermore to make the cannabis industry a legal, regulated and safer prospect. The success of the Dutch experiment is evident, but even there some contact into the criminal underworld is to be seen. Inherently in the issue of a gateway theory is the realisation that cannabis is at least significantly of lesser harm to the individual and to society than the potential harms of harder drug usage and abusage. Thus, policy makers should concentrate not on removing access to cannabis, but rather attempting to minimise the harm done to cannabis users (by educating them on safe ways of usage and providing clean, non-contaminated plant material), minimise the number of people who chose to move on to harder drugs, and minimise any harmful effects that this usage incurs. This, as can be seen in the real world today, is not a policy that can be successful under the current UK / US climate of prohibition. At the risk of repetition, the social gateway phenomenon, if existent, comes about because it is 'the legal status of marijuana that makes it a gateway drug' [JOY99]. Any explanation of the gateway theory which claims that cannabis intrinsically creates a desire for users to move on to other drugs seems to be a classic 'post hoc ergo propter hoc' (after this therefore because of this ) fallacy. Correlation, if present, does not indicate causation. According to [CSDP99], 'The gateway theory takes a statistical association between an extremely popular behavior (marijuana use) and an unpopular behavior, cocaine use and then implies that one causes the other. There is no evidence to this assertion…'. Even the National Center on Addiction and Substance abuse who released the oft-cited report showing potential 'evidence' for the gateway theory [CASA94], discussed earlier, readily admits that it has found no causal relationship between cannabis use and hard drug use. As an example of the misinterpretation of evidence that leads to the creation of the gateway hypothesis, Zimmer and Morgan give the following analogy [ZIMMER97]: '…most people who ride a motorcycle (a fairly rare activity) have ridden a bicycle (a fairly common activity). Indeed, the prevalence of motorcycle riding among people who have never ridden a bicycle is probably extremely low. However, bicycle riding does not cause motorcycle riding, and increases in the former will not lead automatically to increases in the latter. Nor will increases in marijuana use lead automatically to increases in the use of cocaine and other drugs'. Ukcia.org, Is Cannabis a gateway drug? (2015) <http://www.ukcia.org/culture/effects/gateway01.php> at 27 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite a court case using the Pisa University Press citation style.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
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Title Volume number Document Title/Name Pages Used (Location, Year Published).
Example:
CSR is centered on the idea of creating “shared value.” The role of business, according to this model, is to create value for its shareholders but in such a way that it also creates value for society, manifesting itself as a win-win proposition K. Rangan, L. Chase and S. Karim, 'Why Every Company Needs a CSR Strategy and How to Build It' [2012].
Use the following template to cite a dictionary entry using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, 'Title' Publication Title (Year Published) <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
Poverty is defined as the pronounced deprivation of well-being, or the inability to satisfy one's basic needs. In such a wealthy nation as ours, its existence is shameful and it reduces us all. (2015) <http://www.acoss.org.au/uploads/ACOSS%20Poverty%20Report%202012_Final.pdf> at 28 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite an e-book or pdf using the Pisa University Press citation style.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
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A. Author Surname, Title (City: Publisher, Year Published) <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
Used picture on the website. Contingency management interventions for treating the substance abuse of adolescents: A feasibility study., (2000), 8(3) Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 371-376.
Use the following template to cite an edited book using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, Title (City: Publisher, Year Published).
Example:
In Text: Strawson 2000 R. Read and K. Richman, The new Hume debate (London: Routledge, 2000).
Use the following template to cite an email using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, 'Title' (Year Published).
Example:
‘los españoles quieren que nos vayamos, pero no nos vamos. Me iré de aquí cuando me venga bien a mí. No cuando le venga bien a ellos’ Costa del Sol- Last Brits Standing, (2015).
Use the following template to cite an encyclopedia article using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, 'Title' Publication Title (Year Published).
Example:
royal college of nursing What does the Health and Social Care Act mean?, (2015) <https://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/461798/HSCA_FINAL.pdf> at 28 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite an interview using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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Interview with Author Forename Author Surname (Format, Year Published).
Example:
http://www.glasgowfilm.org/theatre/information/about_glasgow_film Glasgowfilm.org, About Glasgow Film - Glasgow Film Theatre - GFT (2014) <http://www.glasgowfilm.org/theatre/information/about_glasgow_film> at 28 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite a magazine using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, 'Title', Publication Title, Year Published, at Pages Used <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
""He knows from previous experience that if that happens, he will be tortured. He fully expects he will also be executed. By the time he reaches the head of the line he is sick with dread"" J. Cadzow, 'The outsider', The Sydney Morning Herald, 2015.
Use the following template to cite a newspaper using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, 'Title', Publication Title, Year Published, at Pages Used <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
“Organisations which are keen to improve their productivity, efficiency and profitability will look to move beyond mandatory training and look at more diverse learning and development activities which will enable the employees to maximise their potential and provide a valuable resource for the organisation” 2010) <https://www.northumbria.ac.uk/static/5007/hrpdf/hefce/hefce_litreview.pdf> at 23 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite a podcast using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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A. Author Surname, Title (Year Published) Publication Title <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
Slum housing All these problems were magnified in London where the population grew at a record rate. Large houses were turned into flats and tenements and the landlords who owned them, were not concerned about the upkeep or the condition of these dwellings. In his book The Victorian underworld, Kellow Chesney gives a graphic description of the conditions in which many were living: ‘Hideous slums, some of them acres wide, some no more than crannies of obscure misery, make up a substantial part of the, metropolis … In big, once handsome houses, thirty or more people of all ages may inhabit a single room,’ (1) Overcrowding Many people could not afford the rents that were being charged and so they rented out space in their room to one or two lodgers who paid between twopence and fourpence a day. Great wealth and extreme poverty lived side by side because the tenements, slums, rookeries were only a stones throw from the large elegant houses of the rich. The name ‘rookeries’ was given to these dwellings because of the way people lived without separate living accommodation for each family. The analogy being that whereas other birds appear to live in separate families, rooks do not. Neither did the very poor in the tenements of London. Hiddenlives.org.uk, Hidden Lives Revealed - Poverty and Families in the Victorian Era (2015) <http://hiddenlives.org.uk/articles/poverty.html> at 28 April 2015.
Use the following template to cite a song using the Pisa University Press citation style.
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
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A. Author Surname, Title (City: Publisher, Year Published) <http://Website-Url> at 10 October 2013.
Example:
“The difference between what we do and what we are capable of doing would suffice to solve most of the world’s problem.” Gandhi and H. Jack, The Gandhi reader (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1956).
Use the following template to cite The Bible using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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Title, (City: Publisher, Year Published).
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Global purchasing is part of global supply chain management that refers to the functions associated with the worldwide buying of the goods, services, and/or information required by the multinational corporations Q. Wu and E. Sweeney, 'Guidance of main individual report' (Aston University, Birmingham, UK, 2015).
Use the following template to cite a TV Show using the Pisa University Press citation style.
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Title, (Year Published).
Example:
https://www.immi.gov.au/media/publications/statistics/immigration-update/people-australia-2013-statistics.pdf Department of Immigration and Border Protection, The People Of Australia: Statistics from the 2011 and 2006 Census (Canberra: Australian Government, 2011).
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